Description
Title: Review of Amiodarone-Associated Optic Neuropathy’s Clinical and Mechanistic Characteristics
Abstract: Due to a similar at-risk patient population, amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy (AAON) is a complex clinical diagnosis that must be distinguished from non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). A variety of clinical manifestations and incomplete pathophysiologic mechanisms make the diagnosis of AAON challenging. The relevant literature for defining and clinically distinguishing AAON from NAION is reviewed in this article, along with recently discovered protective mechanisms of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and PI3K/Akt against amiodarone-induced oxidative and apoptotic injury in retinal ganglion and pigment epithelial cells. Investigating the mechanisms of amiodarone toxicity in the optic nerve can be done on the basis of these studies.
Keywords: amiodarone; optic neuropathy; non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biomolecules
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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