Description
Title: Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Waste Wheat Stillage with Hydrotropic Pretreatment Using a Microwave
Abstract: The effective pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is one of the critical factors influencing the effectiveness of cellulosic ethanol production. The study’s objective was to assess the impact of pretreating wheat stillage with a microwave in the presence of sodium cumene sulphonate (NaCS) hydrotrope, which is used to make second-generation bioethanol. When compared to the raw material used before treatment, the composition of the wheat stillage biomass changed significantly as a result of the microwave pretreatment. The lignin and hemicellulose content of the biomass were successfully reduced by microwave-assisted pretreatment with NaCS, leaving cellulose—which made up 42.91.0.10% of the biomass—as the predominant constituent. On FTIR spectra, modifications to the biomass composition following pretreatment were also discernible. The peaks of the lignin-specific functional groups and bonds (C-O vibration in the syringe ring, asymmetric bending in CH3, and C-C stretching in the aromatic skeleton) decreased. After 48 hours of the process, the pretreatment of the analyzed lignocellulosic raw material with NEC’s led to a yield (in comparison to the theoretical one) of above 91% and the complete conversion of glucose to ethanol. The highest measured ethanol concentration, 23.57, 0.10 g/L, demonstrated the method’s high efficacy in pretreating wheat stillage without the need for nutrient supplementation.
Keywords: microwave-assisted pretreatment; hydrotrope; distillery stillage; bioethanol
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Chemistry
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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