Description
Title: HMGB Protein Genome Interactions and the Effect on Disease
Abstract: High Mobility Group Box (HMGB) proteins are tiny architectural DNA-binding proteins that control a number of genomic processes, including transcription, nucleosome sliding, DNA damage repair, and telomere homeostasis. By doing this, they influence a variety of disease states, such as autoimmune disorders and cancers, as well as normal cellular functions. The local chromatin environment is altered by HMGB proteins’ interactions with DNA and nucleosomes, which makes it easier for regulatory protein factors to bind to the genome and affects higher order chromosomal organization. A great deal of research has been done over the years to characterize the structure and function of interactions between HMGB proteins and DNA, both biochemically and within cells, and to show that these interactions have an impact on pathological processes. This review highlights recent research that supports the functions of HMGB1 and HMGB2 in telomere maintenance, transcriptional regulation, and global genome organization. These functions are supported by interactions between HMGB1 and HMGB2 and G-quadruplex structures. In addition, new theories about how HMGB proteins work as RNA-binding proteins are presented. Nuclear HMGB proteins have a wide range of regulatory potential to influence various facets of cellular metabolism in both healthy and pathological conditions.
Keywords: HMG protein; HMGB; chromatin; architectural protein; genome organization
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biomolecules
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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