Description
Title: Function of Phenothiazines and Chemically Related Compounds of Plant Origin in the Treatment of Infections Caused by Drug-Resistant Bacteria
Abstract: The plasma membranes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are where phenothiazines primarily exert their effects. Efflux pumps, their energy sources and energy-supplying enzymes, like ATPase, and genes that control and code for the permeability aspect of a bacterium are among the prokaryotic plasma membrane elements that are impacted. The response of multidrug and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis to phenothiazines demonstrates an alternative therapy for the treatment of these dreaded diseases, which are claiming an increasing number of lives each year all over the world. Many phenothiazines have demonstrated synergistic activity with a number of antibiotics, resulting in a reduction in the doses of antibiotics given to patients with particular bacterial infections. Trimeprazine and trimethoprim work together harmoniously. Penicillin and chlorpromazine (CPZ) have been found to work well with flupenthixol (Fp), and some antibiotics also work well together. Many phenothiazines also have plasmid curing activities, which make the bacteria carrying the plasmid sensitive to antibiotics in addition to the antibacterial action described in this review. As a result, concurrent applications of a phenothiazine, such as TZ, would not only act as an additional antibacterial agent but also assist in the removal of drug-resistant plasmid from the infectious bacterial cells.
Keywords: phenothiazines; antimicrobial activities; efflux pumps; quorum sensing; reversal of antibiotic resistance
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Antibiotics
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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