Description
Title: Crosstalk between COVID-19 and rheumatoid arthritis: emerging associations, treatment options, and difficulties
Abstract: The primary pathological characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is brought on by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is hyperactivation of immune responses leading to excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators in alveoli/lung structures (SARS-CoV-2). The cytokine hyperactivation in COVID-19 appears to be comparable to that seen in the autoimmune condition rheumatoid arthritis (RA). New information gave RA patients knowledge of the severity and risk of COVID-19. Crosstalk between COVID-19 and RA is frequently discussed in light of the evidence of musculoskeletal manifestations involving immune-inflammation-dependent mechanisms and cases of arthralgia and/or myalgia in COVID-19. The pathological interactions between COVID-19 and RA, the likelihood that RA patients will contract SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the development of RA are all discussed in this article. Based on the clinical readouts that are currently available, we also discussed whether RA can worsen COVID-19 results. The mechanistic similarities between the immune-inflammatory characteristics of RA and COVID-19 were discussed. We demonstrated the newly discovered connections between ACE-dependent and macrophage-mediated pathways in both diseases. Additionally, for improved clinical monitoring and management of RA patients, a thorough review of the current issues and important recommendations for anti-rheumatic medications in the COVID-19 setting were presented. Together, the present article provides a summary of the knowledge that is currently available regarding the emerging COVID-19 and RA crosstalk, as well as its mechanistic overlaps, difficulties, and treatment options.
Keywords: ACE; ACE2; anti-rheumatic drugs; COVID-19; cytokine storm; immune response; inflammation; rheumatoid arthritis; SARS-CoV-2; therapeutic options
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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