Research Paper on Clinical, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing, Multi-Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Planktonic and Biofilm-Forming Cells: Bactericidal Activity of Lactic Acid

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Title: Clinical, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing, Multi-Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Planktonic and Biofilm-Forming Cells: Bactericidal Activity of Lactic Acid

Abstract: The World Health Organization has identified Klebsiella pneumoniae as a critical pathogen because it is carbapenem resistant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lactic acid (LA) against planktonic cells and biofilms produced by K. pneumoniae isolates isolated from the nares of preterm newborns that hydrolyze carbapenem. Initial time-kill assays were conducted against planktonic cells of the meropenem (MRP)-resistant K. pneumoniae isolate JNM11.C4 using graded percentages of (v/v) LA in water. By comparing colony-forming unit counts (log(10) CFU), the efficacy parameters, such as the ideal incubation time and the minimal inhibitory concentration, were identified. Visualizing cell damage required the use of scanning electron microscopy. Similarly, JNM11.C4 biofilms received a graded series of (v/v) LA treatments. The outcomes were then validated using six isolates that hydrolyzed carbapenem. After three hours, using 0.225% and 2% LA, respectively, a decrease of 3.6 0.6 log(10) CFU/mL in JNM11.C4 planktonic cells and >3 0.03 log(10) CFU/mL in biofilm-forming cells was noted. All six clinical isolates showed similar declines in viable cell counts, both for planktonic (>3.6 0.3log(10) CFU/mL) and biofilm-forming cells (3.8 0.3log(10) CFU/mL). These findings suggest that LA is a potent antimicrobial against planktonic K. pneumoniae cells and biofilms that hydrolyze carbapenem.

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenem-hydrolyzing; lactic acid; meropenem; planktonic; biofilm-forming; bactericidal

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Antibiotics

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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