Description
Title: Brain Malaria Pathophysiology: Implications for MSCs as a Regenerative Medicine Tool
Abstract: Plasmodium falciparum-induced cerebral malaria, the most severe type of malaria, is a complicated neurological syndrome. People who survive are at risk for behavioral issues, mental health issues, and epilepsy. Malaria of the brain is linked to numerous organ dysfunctions. The adhesion and buildup of disease-progressing RBCs, platelets, and leucocytes (macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and monocytes) in the brain microvessels is crucial. Coagulation and endothelial dysfunction cause microvascular obstruction, which increases disease severity and causes neurological damage. Recent research on cerebral malaria in humans and in mice suggests that a variety of pathogens, as well as host-derived factors, are involved in the adhesion and coagulation of brain microvessels, which results in changes in vascular permeability and impairment of the blood-brain barrier. Approaches to lessen blood-brain barrier dysfunction and RBC sequestration could be used as supplemental treatments. NK cells, platelets, the ANG-2/ANG-1 ratio, PfEMP1, and the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria are briefly discussed in this review, along with the various roles that Mesenchymal stem cells play in the progression of the disease. The implications of MSCs as a regenerative medicine were also highlighted in this review.
Keywords: cerebral malaria; pathophysiology; mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative medicine;endothelial cells; cytoadherence; blood-brain barrier breakage; platelet-mediated clumping; rosette formation; vascular edema
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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