Research Paper on A Repeated-Measure Study in Cape Coast, Ghana, Found That the Prevalence of Anaemia More Than Doubles in a Cohort of Tertiary Students Over the Course of a School Year

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Title: A Repeated-Measure Study in Cape Coast, Ghana, Found That the Prevalence of Anaemia More Than Doubles in a Cohort of Tertiary Students Over the Course of a School Year

Abstract: Background. This study evaluated factors predicting optimal iron stores as well as changes in haematological parameters over the course of an academic year in a cohort of tertiary students. ‘e stress of academic life may predispose young adults to poor dietary habits, which could potentially precipitate nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency. Materials and procedures From September 2018 to May 2019, 117 undergraduate students were enrolled in a repeated-measure cohort study. During the first two weeks of semester 1, venous blood samples were taken for the estimation of the complete blood count, qualitative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status, haemoglobin variants, and blood group determination. However, during the first and last weeks of semesters 1 and 2, anthropometric measurements and complete blood counts were made for each participant. To collect sociodemographic information, semistructured questionnaires were also used. Additionally, each participant’s serum ferritin level was calculated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. In total, participants inherited G6PD defect (G6PDd) or haemoglobin variants in 23.1% and 15.5%, respectively. The most common ABO blood group, however, was group O (68/117; 58.1%), and a staggering 90.6% (106/117) of people inherited the Rh D antigen. Anaemia was more prevalent than before, rising from 20% at the start of the first semester to 45.1% by the end of the second. Participants who were G6PDd had significantly higher median serum ferritin than participants who were G6PD normal (p 0.003). Additionally, compared to men, a significantly higher percentage of women (25% vs. 2.3%; 14.3% vs. 9.3%) had low levels of iron or were iron deficient. Moreover, there was a higher likelihood that participants would have ideal serum ferritin levels if they were male, G6PD deficient, or between the ages of 21 and 25. The progression of anaemia prevalence over the course of a single academic year from a mild to severe public health issue warrants urgent attention.

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Medicine

Sub Category: Hematology

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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