Description
Title: Under Heat Stress, “Breathing Out”—Respiratory Control of Crop Yield in High Temperature
Abstract: The essential metabolic processes of respiration and photosynthesis in plants are impacted by high temperatures, which disrupts their carbon economy. Increased maintenance respiration, which results in a deficiency in non-structural carbohydrates and an increase in metabolic processes like protein turnover and ion concentration gradient maintenance, causes yield penalties in major staple crops, which are attributed to rising global temperatures. Adenosine triphosphate:adenosine diphosphate (ATP:ADP) ratio, abscisic acid-mediated reduction in ATP transfer to the cytosol, disturbance in a concentration gradient of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, as well as an increase in lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes and cytochrome c release to cause programmed cell death are all influenced by temperature on a cellular level. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic understanding of the dysfunctional mitochondria caused by heat stress that regulates dark respiration in plants. Additionally, hormone regulation of the network of activities involved in retrograde signaling is highlighted. We also suggest various methods for reducing carbon loss in high-temperature environments, such as choosing genotypes with low respiration rates and using genome editing tools to target the pathways that use the most carbon by swapping out, moving, or rescheduling the metabolic processes.
Keywords: acclimation; alternative oxidase; heat stress; mitochondria; maintenance; respiration
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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