Description
Title: Spindle Positioning Mechanisms: Insights from Worms and Mammalian Cells
Abstract: The location of the mitotic spindle is crucial for determining the location of the cleavage furrow, which controls the sizes and precise distribution of the cell fate determinants in the stem cells and the resulting daughter cells during development. Huge progress has been made in the field of spindle positioning over the last couple of years, and as a result, a working model that provides detailed mechanistic understanding of the mechanism orchestrating spindle positioning has emerged. It is now clear that the correct orientation of the mitotic spindle is affected by both the physical properties of the cellular environment and chemical cues (protein-protein interactions). In metazoans, the ternary complex (G/GPR-1/2/LIN-5 in Caenorhabditis elegans, G/Pins/Mud in Drosophila, and G/i1-3/LGN/NuMA in humans), the minus-end-directed motor protein dynein, and the cortical machinery containing myosin are the key players that regulate proper spindle positioning. In this review, I’ll focus primarily on how the aforementioned elements sense the physicochemical environment to precisely and spatiotemporally regulate spindle positioning for the efficient execution of mitosis.
Keywords: mitosis; microtubules; spindle positioning; actin cytoskeleton; NuMA; dynein; myosin
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biomolecules
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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