Description
Title: Review of Bacterial Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates Developments (mcl-PHAs)
Abstract: Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene are examples of synthetic plastics made from fossil fuels and are not biodegradable. Plastic waste pollutes the environment and fills landfills in large quantities. Therefore, it is crucial to create biodegradable plastics, like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Due to their broad applicability in a variety of applications, including food packaging, agriculture, tissue-engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery, PHAs have attracted increasing interest as alternatives to conventional plastics. Three types of PHAs—short-chain-length (scl-PHAs, 4–5 carbon atoms), medium-chain-length (mcl-PHAs, 6–14 carbon atoms), and long-chain-length (lcl-PHAs—can be distinguished based on the length of the 3-hydroxyalkanoate repeat units. PHAs (containing over 14 carbon atoms). There have been a few reviews that specifically addressed the developments of mcl-PHAs, but most have covered recent advancements in scl-PHAs. Thus, this review concentrated on the production of mcl-PHA using a variety of carbon (organic/inorganic) sources and operating modes (continuous, batch, fed-batch, and high-cell density). Also in this review centered on current research on mcl-PHA extraction techniques (solvent, non-solvent, enzymatic, and ultrasound); physical and thermal characteristics (Mw, Mn, PDI, Tm, Tg, and crystallinity); and applications in various fields; and their industrial and pilot-scale production in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.
Keywords: polyhydroxyalkanoates; mcl-PHAs; scl-PHAs
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Bioengineering
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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