Research Paper on Perspective on Targeting Estrogens and Different Estrogen-Related Receptors Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Description

Title: Perspective on Targeting Estrogens and Different Estrogen-Related Receptors Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Abstract: Around 85% of lung cancer cases worldwide are non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Both endogenous and exogenous estrogens are present in the lungs of mammals. The need to assess the role of estrogens in the development of the disease has been prompted by the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in lung cancer cells. The maturation of various tissue types, including lungs, is aided by estrogens, particularly 17-estradiol. Recent epidemiologic data show that, regardless of smoking status, women are more likely than men to develop lung adenocarcinoma, a type of NSCLC. In addition to ERs, pulmonary tissues both in normal physiology and in NSCLCs express G-protein-coupled ERs (GPERs), EGFRs, estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), and orphan nuclear receptors. Females who are premenopausal and between the ages of 15 and 50 synthesize a large number of estrogens are more likely to develop NSCLCs. The proliferation, survival, and apoptosis of NSCLC cells are controlled by the activation of various cell signaling molecules by estrogen—ER/GPER/EGFR/ERR. In addition to providing insight into the mechanism of regulation by ERs/GPERs/EGFRs/ERRs, this article highlights the most recent developments in the elucidation of sequential biochemical events in estrogen-activated cell signaling pathways related to the severity of NSCLC. The effectiveness of anti-estrogen therapies against NSCLCs is also covered.

Keywords: pre/postmenopausal women; non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs); estrogens; estro-gen receptors (ERs); G-protein-coupled ERs (GPERs); epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs); estrogen-related receptors (ERRs); anti-estrogen/ER/GPER/EGFR/ERR therapies against NSCLCs

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Biology

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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