Description
Title: Mushrooms’ Anticancer Properties: A Forgotten Source for Drug Development
Abstract: There are about 270 mushroom species that have been identified as having potential health benefits for people. However, only a small number of mushrooms have been examined for bioactive substances that may be useful in the treatment of various diseases. The mushroom treatment appears safe, as is to be expected given their extensive culinary and medicinal history, like other natural regimens. This review aims to present a critical analysis of the clinical trial data supporting the use of mushrooms to treat patients with various cancer types. The review also highlights the discovered bioactive substances and associated mechanisms of action in the investigated mushrooms. Additionally, it talks about mushrooms that have never been put to the test in clinical studies but have been shown to have anticancer properties in in vitro and/or in vivo models. Phase I or II clinical trials have examined a number of mushrooms, mostly for the treatment of cancers of the breast (18.6%), colon (14%) and prostate (11.6%). Only three species were used in clinical studies: Lentinula edodes (22.2%), Coriolus versicolor (both 13.9%), and Ganoderma lucidum (both 11.1%). The other two species used were Agaricus bisporus and Grifola frondosa. Breast cancer cell lines account for the majority of in vitro studies (43.9%), followed by lung (14%) and colorectal cancer cell lines (13.1%), while mice tumor models account for the majority of in vivo animal studies (58.7%). Only 11 species of mushrooms have so far undergone clinical testing, despite the fact that 32 species at least exhibit some promise for the treatment of cancer. Additionally, the majority of clinical studies have only examined phase III or IV patients and have looked at smaller numbers of patients. In order to fully understand the therapeutic value of mushrooms in oncology, more robust scientific efforts are necessary despite the encouraging preclinical and clinical data publications.
Keywords: anticancer activity; bioactive compounds; clinical trials; in vitro; in vivo; medicinal mushrooms; pharmacological potential
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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