Description
Title: Investigating Mesenchymal Stem Cells’ Immunomodulatory Potential for the Treatment of Severe Coronavirus Disease 19
Abstract: Acute Respiratory Syndrome with Severity The coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a positive sense, enveloped, single stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae and the genus Betacoronavirus. Virus-filled respiratory droplets are the main method of transmission from infected people to healthy ones. The majority of infected people experience mild to no symptoms after an average incubation period of 2 to 14 days, while the remaining people experience a wide range of clinical symptoms, such as fever, sore throat, dry cough, fatigue, chest pain, and breathlessness. Lungs are one of the body’s organs that are most negatively impacted by SARS-CoV-2 because it uses the ACE-2 receptor to invade cells. Immune responses are then triggered, which may develop into a cytokine storm marked by increased secretion of a variety of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and growth factors, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (bFGF2), monocyte chemot (s). There is currently no curative COVID-19 therapy available, despite the fact that numerous treatment modalities with varying degrees of effectiveness are being used. To improve clinical outcomes due to their empirically proven beneficial effects, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or MSC-derived bioactive factors-based secretome may be administered to critically ill COVID-19 patients as a plausible supportive therapeutic modality. Regarding their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and pro-regenerative properties, MSCs are well-established adult stem cells (ASCs). The immunomodulatory abilities of MSCs are not inherent; rather, they are heavily reliant on a comprehensive niche. After intravenous infusion, MSCs are known to experience significant histological trapping in the lungs and are thus in a good position to interact directly with immune cells infiltrating the lung, reducing excessive inflammation and reversing/regenerating damaged alveolar epithelial cells and associated tissue following SARS-CoV-2 infection. MSCs may be used as a potential supportive therapy to counteract cytokine storms and lessen disease severity, thereby promoting quick recovery and health restoration. This is because MSCs have a wide range of the biologically advantageous qualities listed above as well as new translational insights.
Keywords: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2; angiotensin converting enzyme 2;cytokine storm; mesenchymal stem cells; immunomodulation
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Biology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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