Description
Title: A Three-Year Retrospective Study on the Evaluation of Hemoglobin Variants in Patients Receiving Medical Care at the Ho Teaching Hospital
Abstract: Background. According to estimates, one in three Ghanaians has a genotype mutation in their hemoglobin. HbAS, HbSS, and HbSC genotypes may result from changes in genetic makeup. Even before receiving a diagnosis of sickle cell disease, a large number of children in low- and middle-income nations pass away (SCD). There are few statistics on the prevalence and incidence of SCD in Africa, and the Volta region of Ghana is no exception. Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess the hemoglobin variants and the prevalence of SCD among patients at Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods. Patients with SCD and sickle cell anemia (SCA), as well as patients who were asked to perform Hb electrophoresis regardless of their sickling status, had their hemoglobin electrophoresis results and corresponding full blood count results obtained using a retrospective study design from the Hospital Administration and Management Systems (HAMS). Information was gathered from January 2016 to December 2018. Utilizing the Hb genotypes obtained from the Hb electrophoresis results, the status of sickle cell disease was determined. Based on the patients’ hemoglobin levels, a full blood count was used to classify the severity of anemia in SCA and SCD cases. Results. The study involved 1,523 participants, with a prevalence of sickle cell disease of 16.7%. HbS (6.2%), HbSC (7.9%), and HbSF (2.6%) were among the -e SCD genotypes. 0.3% of all cases of SCD were due to hemoglobin C disease (HbCC). Anemia was 99.2% common, with HbS having the most severe form. Additionally, most SCD patients suffered from severe anemia. Both male (P 0.006) and female (P 0.004) participants with SCD were found to have significant differences in the severity of anemia. Conclusion. Different hemoglobin variants were present in the patients being treated at the Ho Teaching Hospital, with HbAS having the highest prevalence. If steps are not taken to improve screening, counseling, and public education about the health threat SCD poses, the high incidence of hemoglobin AS suggests that there may be an increase in the population of people with sickle cell disease in the future.
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Medicine
Sub Category: Hematology
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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