Research Paper on Chinese herbal medicine Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rhodiola Sachalinensis Borissova from Baekdu Mountain (RsBBM): Therapeutic Effect and Molecular Mechanisms

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Title: Chinese herbal medicine Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rhodiola Sachalinensis Borissova from Baekdu Mountain (RsBBM): Therapeutic Effect and Molecular Mechanisms

Abstract: Researchers are evaluating traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) as potential clinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatments urgently because there are currently no effective treatments for RA, which is a persistent problem worldwide. Using an experimental adjuvant arthritis model created by injecting rats with Freund’s complete adjuvant, the current investigation was carried out to assess the therapeutic effects and potential molecular mechanisms of the active components isolated from TCM Rhodiola sachalinensis Borissova from Baekdu Mountain (RsBBM). Based on comparisons of ankle circumferences and ELISA-determined blood serum inflammatory factor levels (TNF-, IL-1, and PGE2), the extract-treated and untreated groups of arthritic rats were assessed for RsBBM therapeutic effects after induction of the adjuvant arthritis rat model. Additionally, synovial tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin under a microscope were examined to assess the health of the rats’ joints. Additionally, mRNA and protein levels related to the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-B), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) were examined via quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively, to investigate whether NF-B and RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathways participated in the observed therapeutic effects from a molecular mechanistic viewpoint. It has been demonstrated that administering an extract of RsBBM to arthritis-prone rats reduces ankle swelling, inflammatory factor levels in blood serum, synovial inflammation, and joint damage. Additionally, a RsBBM 50% ethanol extract treatment prevented bone degeneration by increasing the expression of OPG-related mRNA and proteins and decreasing that of RANKL-related mRNA and proteins. It also lessened inflammation by decreasing the activity of the NF-B pathway. The findings unmistakably showed that the extract of RsBBM reduced the joint damage caused by adjuvant arthritis by changing the activities of the NF-B and RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathways, which are linked to inflammation. This RsBBM 50% ethanol extract should be further examined as a promising new therapeutic TCM treatment for RA due to its beneficial effects for easing adjuvant arthritis.

Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis (RA); traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs); natural products; anti-inflammatory activities; NF-B and RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathways

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Chemistry

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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