Research Paper on A qualitative cross-country comparison of Uganda, Tanzania, and India’s agricultural communities’ livestock’s crossover use of human antibiotics

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Title: A qualitative cross-country comparison of Uganda, Tanzania, and India’s agricultural communities’ livestock’s crossover use of human antibiotics

Abstract: The global use of antibiotics is significantly influenced by the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture, which is also a major contributor to the threat of antibiotic resistance. Understanding antibiotic use in livestock is becoming more and more crucial in low- and middle-income nations, where the demand for animal-derived products is expected to increase antibiotic use significantly. Crossover use of antibiotics is the act of administering to humans or animals antibiotic formulations approved for use in humans. This practice has the potential to lead to negative drug reactions and help humans and animals develop and spread antibiotic resistance. To better understand the practice of antibiotic crossover use by healthcare providers and livestock keepers in these settings, we performed secondary data analysis on the transcripts of in-depth interviews and focus groups from separate studies looking into antibiotic use in agricultural communities in Uganda, Tanzania, and India. The reported crossover use of antibiotics in the three countries was investigated using thematic analysis. There were similarities between nations in both the accounts of antibiotic crossover use and its motivators. Chickens and goats were given human antibiotics in all three nations, and among the full range of human antibiotics mentioned, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and penicillin were listed as being used in animals in all three nations. The primary factors that were found to be influencing crossover use were: (1) the perceptions of medicine providers and livestock keepers regarding the efficacy and safety of antibiotics; (2) the sources of information used by livestock keepers; (3) the disparities in the accessibility of human and veterinary services and antibiotics; and (4) financial incentives and pressures. The occurrence of antibiotic crossover-use in low- and middle-income countries with geographically distinct low- and middle-income agricultural settings is influenced by a similar set of interconnected contextual drivers. Along with efforts to address understanding of the distinctions between human and animal antibiotics and potential dangers of antibiotic crossover-use, interventions are needed to address the accessibility and affordability of veterinary medicines to both livestock owners and medicine providers. To comprehend the effects of antibiotic accessibility and use in one sector upon antibiotic use in other sectors, a One Health approach to studying antibiotic use is required.

Keywords: antibiotic use; antibiotic resistance; crossover-use; antibiotic tewardship; India; Uganda;Tanzania; One Health; qualitative

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Antibiotics

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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