Description
Title: Mechanism of action and clinical use of bacterial immunostimulants in respiratory diseases
Abstract: Following infection, immunity to bacteria may develop naturally or as a result of medical intervention such as immunization, administration of immunoglobulins, or treatment with immunostimulants derived from bacteria. It has been demonstrated that bacterial immunostimulants (ISs) orchestrate both cellular (B, T cell stimulation) and humoral responses in addition to inducing a non-specific response (i.e. intensification of phagocytosis). These ISs contain bacterial lysate (OM-85 BV, LW 50020) or components of bacterial cells (ribosomal extracts) (antibodies and proinflammatory cytokines production). Because of this, the dual nature of their immunomodulatory activity imitates or, to some extent, replicates the immune response that is initially non-specific but later develops into specificity when a pathogen enters the human body. Their clinical effectiveness in preventing respiratory tract infections (RTI) is still up for debate, though. This article discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using them to prevent RITs in both children and adults, as well as their mechanism of action and the clinical data that is currently available.
Keywords: immunostimulation, bacterial lysate, ribosomal extracts, respiratory tract infections
Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper
Subject: Advances in Respiratory Medicine
Writer Experience: 20+ Years
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