Research Paper on Kidney Damage from Cadmium: Oxidative Damage as a Unifying Mechanism

Description

Title: Kidney Damage from Cadmium: Oxidative Damage as a Unifying Mechanism

Abstract: Cadmium is a non-essential metal that has caused significant environmental pollution as a result of human activity. It can harm the kidneys over time and can enter the body through the skin, respiratory system, and gastrointestinal tract. The proximal tubule is where most of the cadmium builds up and harms the nephrons. This buildup may cause the mitochondrial electron transport chain to malfunction, causing electron leakage and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NADPH oxidase may be compromised by cadmium, creating yet another source of ROS. Together, these ROS can result in oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, DNA, and other molecules, leading to the death of epithelial cells and a decline in kidney function. The antioxidant properties of plant extracts, herbal remedies, and pharmacological agents were also reviewed in this article as potential treatments for cadmium-induced kidney damage. Last but not least, a model of cadmium-induced kidney injury is presented, focusing on the idea that oxidative damage is a common mechanism of cadmium renal toxicity. Given that cadmium exposure is unavoidable, additional research utilizing animal models is necessary to fully comprehend the mechanism underlying cadmium-induced ROS production and to identify additional therapeutic targets.

Keywords: cadmium; kidney injury; renal toxicity; mitochondria; oxidative damage; proximal tubule

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Biomolecules

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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