Research paper on Diabetes-Related Kidney Disease: Glucose- and Non-Glucose-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Description

Title: Diabetes-Related Kidney Disease: Glucose- and Non-Glucose-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Abstract: Diabetes-related kidney disease has a pathogenesis and progression that is significantly influenced by mitochondrial dysfunction (DKD). With a focus on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), biogenesis, fission and fusion, mitophagy, and urinary mitochondrial biomarkers, we will discuss mitochondrial dysfunction seen in both preclinical models of DKD and clinical DKD in this review. The discussion will cover both glucose- and non-glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. The Warburg effect—a metabolic transition from OXPHOS to aerobic glycolysis—occurs in the context of glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and the resulting toxic intermediates of glucose metabolism contribute to DKD-induced injury. We will discuss the roles of lipotoxicity, hypoxia, and vasoactive pathways, including endothelin-1 (Edn1)/Edn1 receptor type A signaling pathways, in relation to non-glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective of this review is to highlight the complexity of mitochondrial dysfunction in DKD and to discuss how markers of mitochondrial dysfunction could help us stratify patients at risk for DKD, even though the relative contributions of each of these pathways to DKD are still unclear.

Keywords: diabetic kidney disease; mitochondrial dysfunction; mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; Warburg effect

Paper Quality: SCOPUS / Web of Science Level Research Paper

Subject: Biomolecules

Writer Experience: 20+ Years

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